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- $Unique_ID{BRK03748}
- $Pretitle{}
- $Title{Forbes-Albright Syndrome}
- $Subject{Forbes-Albright Syndrome Nonpuerperal Amenorrhea-Galactorrhea
- Nonpuerperal Galactorrhea Galactorrhea-Amenorrhea Syndrome}
- $Volume{}
- $Log{}
-
- Copyright (C) 1986, 1989 National Organization for Rare Disorders, Inc.
-
- 153:
- Forbes-Albright Syndrome
-
- ** IMPORTANT **
- It is possible that the main title of the article (Forbes-Albright
- Syndrome) is not the name you expected. Please check the SYNONYM listing to
- find the alternate names and disorder subdivisions covered by this article.
-
- Synonyms
-
- Nonpuerperal Amenorrhea-Galactorrhea
- Nonpuerperal Galactorrhea
- Galactorrhea-Amenorrhea Syndrome
-
- General Discussion
-
- ** REMINDER **
- The information contained in the Rare Disease Database is provided for
- educational purposes only. It should not be used for diagnostic or treatment
- purposes. If you wish to obtain more information about this disorder, please
- contact your personal physician and/or the agencies listed in the "Resources"
- section.
-
-
- Forbes-Albright Syndrome belongs to a group of disorders characterized by
- abnormal lactation (milk production) and, in women, an absence of menstrual
- periods. Hormone secreting tumors in the pituitary region cause almost all
- cases of the syndrome. Forbes-Albright Syndrome is not correlated with
- pregnancy. It responds to pharmacological treatment for variable periods of
- time.
-
- Symptoms
-
- Onset of Forbes-Albright Syndrome usually occurs during the patient's
- twenties or thirties. In women, the symptoms consist of galactorrhea
- (abnormal secretion of a milky substance from the nipples) and an absence of
- menstrual periods (amenorrhea). The breasts and nipples are of normal size
- and appearance, but the secondary sexual characteristics, such as hair
- distribution, may change somewhat. Some patients may become obese, and the
- skin may become unusually oily.
-
- In men, the breasts may enlarge and begin to secrete milk.
-
- Laboratory tests reveal elevated levels of prolactin, the hormone
- responsible for lactation after childbirth. In addition, they indicate low
- levels of gonadotropins, hormones such as Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH),
- that regulate the monthly ovulatory cycle.
-
- Causes
-
- Forbes-Albright Syndrome is caused by hormone secreting tumors in the region
- of the pituitary gland, and sometimes the hypothalamus. The hypothalamus, a
- small region of brain, and the nearby pituitary gland produce a number of
- important hormones, including many involved in reproduction and milk
- production.
-
- Other causes of galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndromes include hypothyroidism,
- chronic use of dopamine antagonistic drugs (e.g., thorazine), and the
- discontinuation of oral contraceptive regimens.
-
- Related Disorders
-
- Galactorrhea-amenorrhea syndromes include Chiari-Frommel Syndrome which is
- associated with pregnancy and Ahumada-del Castillo Syndrome which is not
- associated with pregnancy or large tumors. (For more information on these
- disorders, please choose "Chiari-Frommel" and "Ahumada" as your search terms
- in the Rare Disease Database.)
-
- Therapies: Standard
-
- Surgical removal of tumors usually resolves all symptoms of Forbes-Albright
- Syndrome. Smaller or inoperable tumors often respond to irradiation or
- pharmacological treatment. Drugs such as bromocriptine or lergotrile
- mesilate lower prolactin levels, stopping the abnormal milk secretion, and
- often restore menstrual functions.
-
- Therapies: Investigational
-
- This disease entry is based upon medical information available through June
- 1989. Since NORD's resources are limited, it is not possible to keep every
- entry in the Rare Disease Database completely current and accurate. Please
- check with the agencies listed in the Resources section for the most current
- information about this disorder.
-
- Resources
-
- For more information on Forbes-Albright Syndrome, please contact:
-
- National Organization for Rare Disorders (NORD)
- P.O. Box 8923
- New Fairfield, CT 06812-1783
- (203) 746-6518
-
- NIH/National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHHD)
- 9000 Rockville Pike
- Bethesda, MD 20892
- (301) 496-5751
-
- References
-
- THE MERCK MANUAL 15th ed: R. Berkow, et al: eds; Merck, Sharp & Dohme
- Research Laboratories, 1987. P. 1029.
-
-